As of 13:30, 24 September 2025:

Situation: 

• Around 11:00 of 24 September 2025, intense fighting erupted in Zawiya, west of Tripoli, between pro- and anti-GNU armed factions competing for control of Libya’s largest operational oil refinery.
• Eyewitnesses reported heavy gunfire and explosions near the facility.
• Some reports indicate that an intervening military force from Tripoli may have succeeded in ending the fighting.
• Local authorities have advised civilians to shelter-in-place.
• No casualties have been confirmed at this time. 

Latest Events in Libya: 

• Armed clashes were reported by numerous sources indicating armed clashes were taking place in Zawiya over control of the oil refinery. 
• General Salah al-Namroush deployed a joint force from Brigade 52 and Battalion 103 from Tripoli near the refinery with the intent of separating the forces which are currently fighting.
• The General Electricity Company reports that the fighting have caused direct damage to electrical infrastructure in Zawiya. 

Impact: 

• Potential disruption to Libya’s oil production and exports, further straining an already fragile energy sector.
• This may include damage to oil infrastructure which risks industrial safety issues as well as long-term disruptions to refinery operations.
• Risk to civilian safety in Zawiya and surrounding areas, with authorities advising shelter-in-place measures. 
• Damage to local electrical infrastructure may affect electricity supply and essential services. 
• There is the potential risk that conflicts between militias and other fighting forces could spread due to unforeseen shifts in the security environment.

Recommendations: 

• Limit or cancel movements around Zawiya and to other cities. 
• Individuals near Zawiya should shelter-in-place and review contingency plan triggers.
• Organizations and individuals throughout Libya should be on high-alert for changes in the security environment.
• Avoid crowds or large gatherings, especially of armed individuals. 
• Confirm communication channels are operational with in-country and external support personnel. 
• Ensure that evacuation plans are in place and begin communication with necessary evacuation resources to ensure readiness. 
• Maintain situational awareness, including monitoring reliable information sources for updates. 

Need more information? Contact our team.